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1 Ader, Clément
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 2 April 1841 Muret, Franced. 3 May 1925 Toulouse, France[br]French engineer who made a short "hop" in a powered aeroplane in 1890.[br]Ader was a distinguished engineer and versatile inventor who was involved with electrical developments, including the telephone and air-cushion vehicles. In the field of aeronautics he became the centre of a long-lasting controversy: did he, or did he not, fly before the Wright brothers' flight of 1903? In 1882 Ader started work on his first aeroplane, the Eole (god of the winds), which was bat-like in appearance and powered by a very well-designed lightweight steam engine developing about 15 kW (20 hp). On 9 October 1890 the Eole was ready, and with Ader as pilot it increased speed over a level surface and lifted off the ground. It was airborne for about 5 seconds and covered some 50 m (164 ft), reaching a height of 20 cm (8 in.). Whether such a short hop constituted a flight has caused much discussion and argument over the years. An even greater controversy followed Ader's claim in 1906 that his third aeroplane (Avion III) had made a flight of 300 m (328 yd) in 1897. He repeated this claim in his book written in 1907, and many historians accepted his account of the "flight". C.H.Gibbs-Smith, an eminent aviation historian, investigated the Ader controversy and in his book published in 1966 came to the conclusion that the Avion III did not fly at all. Avion III was donated to the Museum of the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers in Paris, and still survives. From 1906 onwards Ader concentrated his inventive efforts elsewhere, but he did mount a successful campaign to persuade the French War Ministry to create an air force.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsIn 1990 the French Government accepted him as the "Father of Aviation who gave wings to the world".Bibliography1890, patent no. 205, 155 (included a description of the Eole).1907, La Première étape de l'aviation militaire en France, Paris (the most significant of his published books and articles).Further ReadingC.H.Gibbs-Smith, 1968, Clément Ader: His Flight Claims and His Place in History, London.The centenary of Ader's 1890 flight resulted in several French publications, including: C.Carlier, 1990, L'Affaire Clément Ader: la vérité rétablie, Paris; Pierre Lissarrague, 1990, Clément Ader: inventeur d'avions, Toulouse.JDS -
2 Aerospace
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Caproni, Giovanni BattistaDassault, MarcelGiffard, Baptiste Henry JacquesJohnson, Clarence LeonardKorolov, Sergei PavlovichSopwith, Sir Thomas Octave MurdochTsiolkovsky, Konstantin Eduardovich
См. также в других словарях:
Ader Clement III — Éole III (Fotomontage) Vorderansicht mit Blick auf die Propeller Die Ader Éole III (auch Avion III oder Aquilon genannt) war der Versuch von Clement Ader ein … Deutsch Wikipedia
Ader, Clement — (1841 1925) engineer and inventor Called the Father of Aviation, Clement Ader was born in Muret. in 1870, he manufactured a balloon that was launched successfully and then, in 1890, a heavier than air apparatus (Éole) powered by steam; it flew … France. A reference guide from Renaissance to the Present
Ader, Clément — ▪ French inventor born Feb. 4, 1841, Muret, France died March 5, 1926, Toulouse self taught French engineer, inventor, and aeronautical pioneer. Ader constructed a balloon at his own expense in 1870. By 1873 he had turned his attention to… … Universalium
Ader, Clément — ► (1841 1925) Ingeniero y aviador francés. Planeó y construyó un aparato volador (lo llamó avión) que puede considerarse precursor de los modernos aviones … Enciclopedia Universal
Ader Avion II — Clément Ader Pour les articles homonymes, voir ADER. Clément Ader (1891). Clément Agnès Ader est un ingénieur français … Wikipédia en Français
Ader Avion III — Clément Ader Pour les articles homonymes, voir ADER. Clément Ader (1891). Clément Agnès Ader est un ingénieur français … Wikipédia en Français
Clement Ader — Clément Ader Pour les articles homonymes, voir ADER. Clément Ader (1891). Clément Agnès Ader est un ingénieur français … Wikipédia en Français
Clement Ader — Clément Ader 1891 Éole III Clément Agnès Ader (* 2. April 1841 in Muret bei Toulouse, Frankreich; † … Deutsch Wikipedia
Clément Ader — Born 2 April 1841(1841 04 02) Muret, Haute Garonne, France Died 5 March 1925(1925 03 05) (aged 83) … Wikipedia
Clément Ader — 1891 Éole III Clément Agnès Ader (* 2. April 1841 in M … Deutsch Wikipedia
Clément Ader — Retrato de Clément Ader. Nacimiento … Wikipedia Español
